Concrete masonry units (CMUs) — what most people call "concrete blocks" — come in standard sizes with predictable weights.
The most common size, 8 × 8 × 16 inches (nominal), weighs about 36–43 lb for a hollow block and 75–85 lb for a solid block. Lightweight versions (made with lighter aggregate) weigh about 28–33 lb hollow.
For larger sizes, weight scales roughly with volume. A 12 × 8 × 16 in solid block can weigh 100+ lb — heavy enough to require two people or equipment to set.